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Collaborative editing: OT vs CRDT for real-time document collaboration

Ingrid Mueller
Ingrid Mueller
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we're exploring building a collaborative editing feature similar to google docs, and the core choice is between operational transformation (ot) and conflict-free replicated data types (crdts). ot seems to require a central server to coordinate operations, which introduces a single point of failure and latency for remote users. crdts, on the other hand, are designed for decentralized collaboration and eventual consistency, which sounds cleaner. however, implementing crdts for rich text editing seems incredibly complex. our use case is for 10-50 concurrent editors on a document. what are the practical trade-offs between ot and crdt for this scale, especially concerning implementation complexity, concurrency handling, and offline capabilities?
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